Pranay Kotasthane serves as the deputy director at the Takshashila Institution, where he chairs the high-tech geopolitics programme. He teaches topics in public policy, international relations, and public finance at Takshashila's graduate and post-graduate programmes. His current research focuses on semiconductor geopolitics and policy, a topic on which he has published numerous papers and articles.

Kotasthane is a prolific writer and media personality.