Martin James Gruenberg is an American attorney known for his extensive career in financial regulation and government service. He served multiple terms as chairman of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC), holding the position from 2012 to 2018 and again from 2023 to 2025, in addition to several periods as acting chairman between 2005 and 2012. His tenure at the FDIC involved overseeing deposit insurance and banking system stability.