Ehud Barak is an Israeli former general and politician who served as the Prime Minister of Israel from 1999 to 2001 and as Minister of Defense from 2007 to 2013. He was also the leader of the Labor Party between 1997 and 2001, and again from 2007 to 2011. Born Ehud Brog in 1942 on a kibbutz, he graduated with degrees in physics and mathematics from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and later earned a master's in engineering-economic systems from Stanford University.