Daniel Kahneman (1934–2024) was an Israeli-American psychologist and economist, widely recognized for his groundbreaking work in the psychology of judgment and decision-making, as well as behavioral economics. He was awarded the 2002 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, shared with Vernon L. Smith, for his empirical findings that challenged the assumption of human rationality in modern economic theory. Kahneman is often referred to as the "grandfather of behavioral economics.